École Nationale Supérieure de
Techniques Avancées

Abstract

In response to climate change, Onshore Power Supply (OPS) is rapidly expanding as a key solution for port decarbonisation. In this context, assessing the associated energy demand and emissions is essential. This work develops a simulation model and applies it to the Port of Valencia to estimate annual electricity consumption, peak power requirements, and potential CO2 reductions enabled by OPS. The methodology combines vessel traffic simulation, stochastic modelling of ship arrivals, and time-resolved energy demand calculations. Results indicate that by 2030, annual OPS demand could reach approximately 208 GWh, with peak loads exceeding 49 MW. Compared to the continued use of auxiliary engines, OPS would reduce CO2 emissions by more than 10,000 tonnes per year. The study also highlights the main technical and economic barriers to OPS deployment, while confirming its role as a strategic lever for port decarbonisation.